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Lesson 02: Capacitive Soil Moisture Module

In this lesson, you will learn how to connect a capacitive soil moisture sensor to an Arduino and interpret its readings. The project includes reading the sensor’s analog output with the Arduino and understanding that lower readings indicate higher soil moisture levels. You’ll gain practical experience in handling analog input and serial communication with the Arduino by using the provided code as a hands-on example.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Universal Maker Sensor Kit	94	Universal Maker Sensor Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

Component Introduction	Purchase Link
Arduino UNO R3 or R4	BUY
Capacitive Soil Moisture Module	BUY

Wiring

../_images/Lesson_02_Capacitive_Soil_Moisture_Module_uno_bb.png

Code

Code Analysis

Defining the sensor pin:

This line of code declares a constant integer sensorPin and assigns it the value of A0, which is the analog input pin the sensor is connected to.
```
const int sensorPin = A0;
```
Setup function:

The setup() function is executed once when the program starts. It initializes serial communication at 9600 baud rate. This setup is necessary for sending data to the serial monitor.
```
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
}
```
Loop function:

The loop() function runs continuously after setup(). It reads the sensor value from pin A0 using analogRead() and prints this value to the serial monitor. The delay(500) statement pauses the loop for 500 milliseconds before the next reading, thus controlling the rate of data acquisition.
```
void loop() {
  Serial.println(analogRead(A0));
  delay(500);
}
```