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Motor

Overview

In this lesson, you will learn how to use Motor, the working principle of which is that the energized coil is forced to rotate in the magnetic field then the rotor of the motor rotates accordingly on which the pinion gear drives the engine flywheel to rotate.1

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Elite Explorer Kit	300+	Elite Explorer Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
Arduino Uno R4 WiFi	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
TA6586 - Motor Driver Chip	-
DC Motor	BUY
Power Supply Module	-

Wiring

In this example, we use Power Supply Module to power the anode and cathode of breadboard.

Note

The motor requires more power during operation, so please keep the power module connected to a charging cable when in use.

Schematic Diagram

Code

Note

• You can open the file 24-motor.ino under the path of elite-explorer-kit-main\basic_project\24-motor directly.

• Or copy this code into Arduino IDE.

24-motor.ino

/*
  The code controls a motor using an Arduino Uno R4 and a TA6586 chip. It 
  sets the rotation direction of the motor based on the user's serial input 
  ('A' for clockwise and 'B' for anticlockwise). After performing the rotation 
  for 3 seconds, the motor is stopped.

  Board: Arduino Uno R4
  Component: Motor and TA6586 chip
*/

// Pin definitions for motor control
const int motorBI = 10;
const int motorFI = 9;

// Initialization function
void setup() {
  // Set motor control pins as OUTPUT
  pinMode(motorBI, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorFI, OUTPUT);
  
  // Initialize serial communication and prompt user
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Please input 'A' or 'B' to select the motor rotate direction.");
}

// Main loop function
void loop() {
  // Check if there is available data on the serial port
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    int incomingByte = Serial.read(); // Read incoming data
    
    // Determine motor direction based on user input
    switch (incomingByte) {
      case 'A':
        clockwise(255); // Rotate motor clockwise
        Serial.println("The motor rotates clockwise.");
        break;
      case 'B':
        anticlockwise(255); // Rotate motor anticlockwise
        Serial.println("The motor rotates anticlockwise.");
        break;
    }
  }
  
  delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds
  stopMotor(); // Stop the motor
}

// Function to rotate the motor clockwise
void clockwise(int Speed) {
  analogWrite(motorBI, 0);
  analogWrite(motorFI, Speed);
}

// Function to rotate the motor anticlockwise
void anticlockwise(int Speed) {
  analogWrite(motorBI, Speed);
  analogWrite(motorFI, 0);
}

// Function to stop the motor
void stopMotor() {
  analogWrite(motorBI, 0);
  analogWrite(motorFI, 0);
}

After uploading the code to the UNO board, you can choose the motor’s rotation direction by typing “A” or “B” in the serial monitor.

Code Analysis

The motor can be driven by providing a voltage difference between the copper sheets at both sides of the motor. Therefore, you only need to write 0 for the voltage of one side of the copper sheet and 5V for the other side. Modify the written analog signal value to adjust the direction and speed.

// Function to rotate the motor clockwise
void clockwise(int Speed) {
  analogWrite(motorBI, 0);
  analogWrite(motorFI, Speed);
}

// Function to rotate the motor anticlockwise
void anticlockwise(int Speed) {
  analogWrite(motorBI, Speed);
  analogWrite(motorFI, 0);
}

In this example, Serial.Read() is used to control the direction of motor.

When you type 'A' in serial monitor, there calls the clockwise (255) function to make the motor rotate with the speed of 255. Input 'B', and the motor will rotate in reverse direction.

void loop() {
  // Check if there is available data on the serial port
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    int incomingByte = Serial.read(); // Read incoming data

    // Determine motor direction based on user input
    switch (incomingByte) {
      case 'A':
        clockwise(255); // Rotate motor clockwise
        Serial.println("The motor rotates clockwise.");
        break;
      case 'B':
        anticlockwise(255); // Rotate motor anticlockwise
        Serial.println("The motor rotates anticlockwise.");
        break;
    }
  }

  delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds
  stopMotor(); // Stop the motor
}