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6.6 Digital Dice

This project builds upon the 2.5 Number Display project by adding a button to control the digit displayed on the seven-segment display.

When the button is pressed, the 7-segment display scrolls through the numbers 1-6, and when the button is released, it displays a random number.

This cycle continues each time the button is pressed.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
ESP32 Starter Kit	320+	ESP32 Starter Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
ESP32 Board	BUY
ESP32 Camera Extension	BUY
Breadboard	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
74HC595	BUY
7-segment Display	BUY
Button	BUY

Schematic

This project builds upon the 2.5 Number Display project by adding a button to control the digit displayed on the seven-segment display.

The button is directly connected to IO13 without an external pull-up or pull-down resistor because IO13 has an internal pull-up resistor of 47K, eliminating the need for an additional external resistor.

Wiring

Code

Note

• Open the 6.6_digital_dice.py file located in the esp32-starter-kit-main\micropython\codes path, or copy and paste the code into Thonny. Then, click “Run Current Script” or press F5 to execute it.

• Make sure to select the “MicroPython (ESP32).COMxx” interpreter in the bottom right corner.

import machine
import time
import random

# Define the segment code for a common anode 7-segment display
SEGCODE = [0x3f, 0x06, 0x5b, 0x4f, 0x66, 0x6d, 0x7d, 0x07, 0x7f, 0x6f]

# Initialize the pins for the 74HC595 shift register
sdi = machine.Pin(25, machine.Pin.OUT)  # DS
rclk = machine.Pin(27, machine.Pin.OUT)  # STcp
srclk = machine.Pin(26, machine.Pin.OUT)  # SHcp

button = machine.Pin(13, machine.Pin.IN) # Button pin

# Define the hc595_shift function to shift data into the 74HC595 shift register
def hc595_shift(dat):
    # Set the RCLK pin to low
    rclk.off()

    # Iterate through each bit (from 7 to 0)
    for bit in range(7, -1, -1):
        # Extract the current bit from the input data
        value = 1 & (dat >> bit)

        # Set the SRCLK pin to low
        srclk.off()

        # Set the value of the SDI pin
        sdi.value(value)

        # Clock the current bit into the shift register by setting the SRCLK pin to high
        srclk.on()

    # Latch the data into the storage register by setting the RCLK pin to high
    rclk.on()

# Initialize the random seed
random.seed(time.ticks_us())


num = 1
button_state = False

# Define the button callback function to toggle the button state
def button_callback(pin):
    global button_state
    button_state = not button_state

# Attach the button callback function to the falling edge of the button pin
button.irq(trigger=machine.Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=button_callback)

# Continuously display the current digit on the 7-segment display, scrolling if button is not pressed
while True:

    # Display the current digit on the 7-segment display
    hc595_shift(SEGCODE[num])

    # If the button is pressed and button state is True
    if button_state:
        pass

    # If the button is pressed again and button state is False, generate a new random digit
    if not button_state:
        num = random.randint(1, 6)
        time.sleep_ms(10) # Adjust this value to control the display refresh rate

While the program is running, pressing the button will make the 7-segment display scroll and randomly display a number between 1 and 6.

Upon pressing the button again, the 7-segment display will stop and reveal a specific number. Press the button once more, and the 7-segment display will resume scrolling through the digits.