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Lesson 19: Temperature and Humidity Sensor Module (DHT11)

In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the Raspberry Pi Pico W to connect with a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor. You’ll explore accurate measurement of environmental conditions by recording temperature and humidity data. This tutorial offers practical guidance on using digital sensors with the Raspberry Pi Pico W, programming with MicroPython, and managing real-time data processing.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Universal Maker Sensor Kit	94	Universal Maker Sensor Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

Component Introduction	Purchase Link
Raspberry Pi Pico W	BUY
Temperature and Humidity Sensor Module (DHT11)	BUY
Breadboard	BUY

Wiring

Note

The kit may contain different versions of the DHT11 module. Please confirm the wiring method according to the module you have.

module	diagram

Code

import dht
import machine
import time

# Initialize DHT11 sensor on GPIO 16
d = dht.DHT11(machine.Pin(16))

# Continuously read and print temperature and humidity
while True:
    d.measure()
    print("Temperature:" ,d.temperature())  # Print temperature
    print("Humidity:" ,d.humidity())  # Print humidity
    time.sleep_ms(1000)  # Read every second

Code Analysis

Importing Libraries:

The code begins by importing necessary libraries. dht is for the DHT11 sensor, machine is for interacting with the hardware, and time is for adding delays in the loop.
```
import dht
import machine
import time
```
Initializing the DHT11 Sensor:

The DHT11 sensor is initialized by specifying its connected GPIO pin. Here, it’s connected to GPIO 16 on the Raspberry Pi Pico W. This is done using the machine.Pin function.
```
d = dht.DHT11(machine.Pin(16))
```
Reading and Printing Data in a Loop:

The while True loop enables the program to continuously read temperature and humidity data. Inside the loop, d.measure() is called to take a new measurement. d.temperature() and d.humidity() are used to retrieve the temperature and humidity data, respectively. These values are then printed. The loop pauses for one second (1000 milliseconds) using time.sleep_ms(1000), ensuring the data is read and printed every second.
```
while True:
    d.measure()
    print("Temperature:" ,d.temperature())  # Print temperature
    print("Humidity:" ,d.humidity())  # Print humidity
    time.sleep_ms(1000)  # Read every second
```