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2.2.7 Ultrasonic Sensor Module

Introduction

The ultrasonic sensor uses ultrasonic to accurately detect objects and measure distances. It sends out ultrasonic waves and converts them into electronic signals.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Raphael Kit	337	Raphael Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
GPIO Extension Board	BUY
Breadboard	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
Ultrasonic Module	BUY

Schematic Diagram

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit.

Step 2: Go to the folder of the code.

cd ~/raphael-kit/python-pi5

Step 3: Run the executable file.

sudo python3 2.2.8_Ultrasonic_zero.py

With the code run, the ultrasonic sensor module detects the distance between the obstacle ahead and the module itself, then the distance value will be printed on the screen.

Code

Note

You can Modify/Reset/Copy/Run/Stop the code below. But before that, you need to go to source code path like raphael-kit/python-pi5. After modifying the code, you can run it directly to see the effect.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from gpiozero import DistanceSensor
from time import sleep

# Initialize the DistanceSensor using GPIO Zero library
# Trigger pin is connected to GPIO 23, Echo pin to GPIO 24
sensor = DistanceSensor(echo=24, trigger=23)

try:
    # Main loop to continuously measure and report distance
    while True:
        dis = sensor.distance * 100  # Measure distance and convert from meters to centimeters
        print('Distance: {:.2f} cm'.format(dis))  # Print the distance with two decimal precision
        sleep(0.3)  # Wait for 0.3 seconds before the next measurement

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    # Handle KeyboardInterrupt (Ctrl+C) to gracefully exit the loop
    pass

Code Explanation

1. Imports the DistanceSensor class from the gpiozero library for distance measurement, and the sleep function from the time module for delays.

   #!/usr/bin/env python3
   from gpiozero import DistanceSensor
   from time import sleep
   

2. Initializes the ultrasonic distance sensor with the Echo pin connected to GPIO 24 and the Trigger pin to GPIO 23.

   # Initialize the DistanceSensor using GPIO Zero library
   # Trigger pin is connected to GPIO 23, Echo pin to GPIO 24
   sensor = DistanceSensor(echo=24, trigger=23)
   

3. The main loop continuously measures the distance, converts it from meters to centimeters, and prints it with two decimal precision. Then wait 0.3 seconds and re-measure the distance. Catches a KeyboardInterrupt (like Ctrl+C) to allow for a graceful exit from the script.

   try:
       # Main loop to continuously measure and report distance
       while True:
           dis = sensor.distance * 100  # Measure distance and convert from meters to centimeters
           print('Distance: {:.2f} cm'.format(dis))  # Print the distance with two decimal precision
           sleep(0.3)  # Wait for 0.3 seconds before the next measurement
   
   except KeyboardInterrupt:
       # Handle KeyboardInterrupt (Ctrl+C) to gracefully exit the loop
       pass