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2.1.1 Button

Introduction

In this project, we will learn how to turn on or off the LED by using a button.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Raphael Kit	337	Raphael Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
GPIO Extension Board	BUY
Breadboard	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
Resistor	BUY
LED	BUY
Button	BUY

Schematic Diagram

Use a normally open button as the input of Raspberry Pi, the connection is shown in the schematic diagram below. When the button is pressed, the GPIO18 will turn into high level (3.3V). We can detect the state of the GPIO18 through programming. That is, if the GPIO18 turns into high level, it means the button is pressed. You can run the corresponding code when the button is pressed, and then the LED will light up.

Note

The longer pin of the LED is the anode and the shorter one is the cathode.

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit.

Step 2: Open the code file.

cd ~/raphael-kit/python-pi5

Step 3: Run the code.

sudo python3 2.1.1_Button_zero.py

Now, press the button and the LED will light up; release the button and the LED will go off.

Code

Note

You can Modify/Reset/Copy/Run/Stop the code below. But before that, you need to go to source code path like raphael-kit/python-pi5. After modifying the code, you can run it directly to see the effect.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from gpiozero import LED, Button  # Import LED and Button classes from gpiozero
from signal import pause  # Import pause function from signal module

# Initialize an LED object on GPIO pin 17
led = LED(17)
# Initialize a Button object on GPIO pin 18
button = Button(18)

# Link the button's "when_pressed" event to the LED's on() method
button.when_pressed = led.on
# Link the button's "when_released" event to the LED's off() method
button.when_released = led.off

# Run an event loop that waits for button events and keeps the script running
pause()

Code Explanation

1. The script is written in Python3 and it imports LED and Button classes from the gpiozero library, and pause from the signal module.

   #!/usr/bin/env python3
   from gpiozero import LED, Button  # Import LED and Button classes from gpiozero
   from signal import pause  # Import pause function from signal module
   

2. Initializes an LED object on GPIO pin 17 and a Button object on GPIO pin 18.

   # Initialize an LED object on GPIO pin 17
   led = LED(17)
   # Initialize a Button object on GPIO pin 18
   button = Button(18)
   

3. Sets up event handlers so that the LED turns on when the button is pressed and turns off when the button is released.

   # Link the button's "when_pressed" event to the LED's on() method
   button.when_pressed = led.on
   # Link the button's "when_released" event to the LED's off() method
   button.when_released = led.off
   

4. This keeps the script running in an event loop, waiting for the button press and release events.

   # Run an event loop that waits for button events and keeps the script running
   pause()