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GPIO Output

Introduction

In this tutorial, we’ll connect an LED to a GPIO pin and write a Python program to make it blink. Let’s get started!

Circuit Diagram

Here’s how the circuit should look:

  • GPIO Pin 17 connects to the anode (long pin) of the LED.

  • The cathode (short pin) of the LED connects to one leg of the resistor.

  • The other leg of the resistor connects to the GND (Ground) pin.

The resistor limits the current flowing through the LED, preventing it from burning out. Without a resistor, the LED may draw too much current, which can damage both the LED and the Raspberry Pi.

../_images/1.1.1_sch.png

Wiring Diagram

Follow the wiring diagram below to connect your components:

../_images/1.1.1_bb.png

Code

Let’s write the Python code to control the LED. You’ll create a script that turns the LED on and off at regular intervals.

Here’s the complete Python script for this project:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from fusion_hat.pin import Pin, Mode
from time import sleep

# Initialize an LED connected to GPIO pin 17 as an output pin.
led = Pin(17,mode=Mode.OUT)

try:
   # Start an infinite loop to toggle the LED state.
   while True:
      # Turn on the LED and print a message to the console.
      led.high()
      print('...LED ON')

      # Wait for 0.5 seconds with the LED on.
      sleep(0.5)

      # Turn off the LED and print a message to the console.
      led.low()
      print('LED OFF...')

      # Wait for 0.5 seconds with the LED off.
      sleep(1)

except KeyboardInterrupt:
   # Gracefully handle a keyboard interrupt (Ctrl+C) by breaking the loop.
   pass

This Python script controls an LED connected to GPIO pin 17 of a Raspberry Pi. When executed, the LED alternates between turning on and off in half-second intervals. Simultaneously, the console prints “LED is ON” and “LED is OFF” to indicate the LED’s current state. The program runs indefinitely until interrupted by a user pressing Ctrl+C.