2.2.7 PIR

Introduction

In this project, we will make a device by using the human body infrared pyroelectric sensors. When someone gets closer to the LED, the LED will turn on automatically. If not, the light will turn off. This infrared motion sensor is a kind of sensor that can detect the infrared emitted by human and animals.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Raphael Kit	337	Raphael Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
GPIO Extension Board	BUY
Breadboard	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
Resistor	BUY
RGB LED	BUY
PIR Motion Sensor Module	-

Schematic Diagram

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit.

Step 2: Go to the folder of the code.

cd ~/raphael-kit/nodejs/

Step 3: Run the code.

sudo node pir.js

After the code runs, PIR detects surroundings and let RGB LED glow yellow if it senses someone walking by. There are two potentiometers on the PIR module: one is to adjust sensitivity and the other is to adjust the detection distance. In order to make the PIR module work better, you need to try to adjust these two potentiometers.

Code

const Gpio = require('pigpio').Gpio;

const pirPin = new Gpio(17, {
    mode: Gpio.INPUT,
    pullUpDown: Gpio.PUD_DOWN,
    edge: Gpio.EITHER_EDGE
})    // the pir connect to pin17

const redPin = new Gpio(18, { mode: Gpio.OUTPUT, })
const greenPin = new Gpio(27, { mode: Gpio.OUTPUT, })
const bluePin = new Gpio(22, { mode: Gpio.OUTPUT, })
//'Red':18, 'Green':27, 'Blue':22

var p_R, p_G, p_B

// Set all led as pwm channel and frequece to 2KHz
p_R = redPin.pwmFrequency(2000)
p_G = greenPin.pwmFrequency(2000)
p_B = bluePin.pwmFrequency(2000)

// Set all begin with value 0
p_R.pwmWrite(0)
p_G.pwmWrite(0)
p_B.pwmWrite(0)

// Define a MAP function for mapping values.  Like from 0~255 to 0~100
function MAP(x, in_min, in_max, out_min, out_max) {
    return (x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min
}

// Define a function to set up colors
function setColor(color) {
    // configures the three LEDs' luminance with the inputted color value .
    // Devide colors from 'color' veriable
    R_val = (color & 0xFF0000) >> 16
    G_val = (color & 0x00FF00) >> 8
    B_val = (color & 0x0000FF) >> 0
    // Map color value from 0~255 to 0~100
    R_val = MAP(R_val, 0, 255, 0, 100)
    G_val = MAP(G_val, 0, 255, 0, 100)
    B_val = MAP(B_val, 0, 255, 0, 100)

    //Assign the mapped duty cycle value to the corresponding PWM channel to change the luminance.
    p_R.pwmWrite(R_val)
    p_G.pwmWrite(G_val)
    p_B.pwmWrite(B_val)
    //print ("color_msg: R_val = %s, G_val = %s, B_val = %s"%(R_val, G_val, B_val))
}

pirPin.on('interrupt', (level) => {
    if (level) {
        setColor(0xFFFF00)
    }else{
        setColor(0x0000FF)
    }
});

process.on('SIGINT', function () {
    p_R.pwmWrite(0)
    p_G.pwmWrite(0)
    p_B.pwmWrite(0)
    process.exit();
})

Code Explanation

The code for this example is a combination of 2.1.1 Button and 1.1.2 RGB LED, no need to go into details.

Phenomenon Picture