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2.1.6 Rotary Encoder Module

Introduction

In this project, you will learn about Rotary Encoder. A rotary encoder is an electronic switch with a set of regular pulses in strictly timing sequence. When used with IC, it can achieve increment, decrement, page turning and other operations such as mouse scrolling, menu selection, and so on.

Required Components

In this project, we need the following components.

It’s definitely convenient to buy a whole kit, here’s the link:

Name	ITEMS IN THIS KIT	LINK
Raphael Kit	337	Raphael Kit

You can also buy them separately from the links below.

COMPONENT INTRODUCTION	PURCHASE LINK
GPIO Extension Board	BUY
Breadboard	BUY
Jumper Wires	BUY
Rotary Encoder Module	BUY

Schematic Diagram

Experimental Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit.

Step 2: Open the code file.

cd ~/raphael-kit/c/2.1.6/

Step 3: Compile the code.

gcc 2.1.6_RotaryEncoder.c -lwiringPi

Step 4: Run.

sudo ./a.out

You will see the count on the shell. When you turn the rotary encoder clockwise, the count is increased; when turn it counterclockwise, the count is decreased. If you press the switch on the rotary encoder, the readings will return to zero.

Note

If it does not work after running, or there is an error prompt: "wiringPi.h: No such file or directory", please refer to Install and Check the WiringPi.

Code

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wiringPi.h>

#define  clkPin    0
#define  dtPin    1
#define  swPin     2

static volatile int globalCounter = 0 ;

unsigned char flag;
unsigned char Last_dtPin_Status;
unsigned char Current_dtPin_Status;

void btnISR(void)
{
   globalCounter = 0;
}

void rotaryDeal(void)
{
   Last_dtPin_Status = digitalRead(dtPin);

   while(!digitalRead(clkPin)){
      Current_dtPin_Status = digitalRead(dtPin);
      flag = 1;
   }

   if(flag == 1){
      flag = 0;
      if((Last_dtPin_Status == 0)&&(Current_dtPin_Status == 1)){
         globalCounter --;
      }
      if((Last_dtPin_Status == 1)&&(Current_dtPin_Status == 0)){
         globalCounter ++;
      }
   }
}

int main(void)
{
   if(wiringPiSetup() < 0){
      fprintf(stderr, "Unable to setup wiringPi:%s\n",strerror(errno));
      return 1;
   }

   pinMode(swPin, INPUT);
   pinMode(clkPin, INPUT);
   pinMode(dtPin, INPUT);

   pullUpDnControl(swPin, PUD_UP);

   if(wiringPiISR(swPin, INT_EDGE_FALLING, &btnISR) < 0){
      fprintf(stderr, "Unable to init ISR\n",strerror(errno));
      return 1;
   }

   int tmp = 0;

   while(1){
      rotaryDeal();
      if (tmp != globalCounter){
         printf("%d\n", globalCounter);
         tmp = globalCounter;
      }
   }

   return 0;
}

Code Analysis

• Read dtPin value when clkPin is low.

• When clkPin is high, if dtPin goes from low to high, the count decreases, otherwise the count increases.

• swPin will output low when the shaft is pressed.

From this, the program flow is shown below:

Phenomenon Picture