.. note:: Hello, welcome to the SunFounder Raspberry Pi & Arduino & ESP32 Enthusiasts Community on Facebook! Dive deeper into Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and ESP32 with fellow enthusiasts. **Why Join?** - **Expert Support**: Solve post-sale issues and technical challenges with help from our community and team. - **Learn & Share**: Exchange tips and tutorials to enhance your skills. - **Exclusive Previews**: Get early access to new product announcements and sneak peeks. - **Special Discounts**: Enjoy exclusive discounts on our newest products. - **Festive Promotions and Giveaways**: Take part in giveaways and holiday promotions. 👉 Ready to explore and create with us? Click [|link_sf_facebook|] and join today! .. _py_rgb_led_strip: 2.18 RGB LED Strip ====================== WS2812 is a intelligent control LED light source that the control circuit and RGB chip are integrated in a package of 5050 components. It internal include intelligent digital port data latch and signal reshaping amplification drive circuit. Also include a precision internal oscillator and a 12V voltage programmable constant current control part, effectively ensuring the pixel point light color height consistent. The data transfer protocol use single NZR communication mode. After the pixel power-on reset, the DIN port receive data from controller, the first pixel collect initial 24bit data then sent to the internal data latch, the other data which reshaping by the internal signal reshaping amplification circuit sent to the next cascade pixel through the DO port. After transmission for each pixel，the signal to reduce 24bit. pixel adopt auto reshaping transmit technology, making the pixel cascade number is not limited the signal transmission, only depend on the speed of signal transmission. Schematic ----------- .. image:: img/RGB_LED_Strip.png :width: 600 Wiring ---------------------------- .. image:: img/wiring_rgb_strip.png 1. Connect the +5V of the LED Strip to the VBUS of the Pico. #. Connect the GND of the LED Strip to the GND of the Pico. #. Connect the DIN of the LED Strip to the GP0 of Pico. .. warning:: One thing you need to pay attention to is current. Although the LED Strip with any number of LEDs can be used in Pico, the power of its VBUS pin is limited. Here, we will use eight LEDs, which are safe. But if you want to use more LEDs, you need to add a separate power supply. Code --------------------- The following is the library of ws2812 packaged by SunFounder. You need to save it in Pico and name it as ``ws2812.py`` for use as a library. .. code-block:: python import array, time import rp2 from rp2 import PIO, StateMachine, asm_pio @asm_pio(sideset_init=PIO.OUT_LOW, out_shiftdir=PIO.SHIFT_LEFT, autopull=True, pull_thresh=24) def ws2812(): T1 = 2 T2 = 5 T3 = 3 label("bitloop") out(x, 1).side(0)[T3 - 1] jmp(not_x, "do_zero").side(1)[T1 - 1] jmp("bitloop").side(1)[T2 - 1] label("do_zero") nop().side(0)[T2 - 1] class WS2812(): def __init__(self, pin, num): # Configure the number of WS2812 LEDs. self.led_nums = num self.pin = pin self.sm = StateMachine(0, ws2812, freq=8000000, sideset_base=self.pin) # Start the StateMachine, it will wait for data on its FIFO. self.sm.active(1) self.buf = array.array("I", [0 for _ in range(self.led_nums)]) def write(self): self.sm.put(self.buf, 8) def write_all(self, value): for i in range(self.led_nums): self.__setitem__(i, value) self.write() def list_to_hex(self, color): if isinstance(color, list) and len(color) == 3: c = (color[0] << 8) + (color[1] << 16) + (color[2]) return c elif isinstance(color, int): value = (color & 0xFF0000)>>8 | (color & 0x00FF00)<<8 | (color & 0x0000FF) return value else: raise ValueError("Color must be 24-bit RGB hex or list of 3 8-bit RGB") def hex_to_list(self, color): if isinstance(color, list) and len(color) == 3: return color elif isinstance(color, int): r = color >> 8 & 0xFF g = color >> 16 & 0xFF b = color >> 0 & 0xFF return [r, g, b] else: raise ValueError("Color must be 24-bit RGB hex or list of 3 8-bit RGB") def __getitem__(self, i): return self.hex_to_list(self.buf[i]) def __setitem__(self, i, value): value = self.list_to_hex(value) self.buf[i] = value Then, create a new file, and call the stored ws2812 library here. .. code-block:: python import machine from ws2812 import WS2812 ws = WS2812(machine.Pin(0),8) ws[0] = [64,154,227] ws[1] = [128,0,128] ws[2] = [50,150,50] ws[3] = [255,30,30] ws[4] = [0,128,255] ws[5] = [99,199,0] ws[6] = [128,128,128] ws[7] = [255,100,0] ws.write() Let's select some favorite colors and display them on the RGB LED Strip! How it works? -------------------------- In the ws2812 library, we have integrated related functions into the WS2812 class. You can use the RGB LED Strip with the following statement. .. code-block:: python from ws2812 import WS2812 Declare a WS2812 type object, named "ws", it is connected to "pin", there are "number" RGB LEDs on the WS2812 strip. .. code-block:: python ws = WS2812(pin,number) ws is an array object, each element corresponds to one RGB LED on the WS2812 strip, for example, ws[0] is the first one, ws[7] is the eighth. We can assign color values to each RGB LED, these values must be 24-bit color (represented with six hexadecimal digits) or list of 3 8-bit RGB. For example, the red value is "0xFF0000" or "[255,0,0]". .. code-block:: python ws[i] = color value Then use this statement to write the color for the LED Strip and light it up. .. code-block:: python ws.write() You can also directly use the following statement to make all LEDs light up the same color. .. code-block:: python ws.write_all(color value) What more? -------------------------- We can randomly generate colors and make a colorful flowing light. .. code-block:: python import machine from ws2812 import WS2812 import utime import urandom ws = WS2812(machine.Pin(0),8) def flowing_light(): for i in range(7,0,-1): ws[i] = ws[i-1] ws[0] = int(urandom.uniform(0, 0xFFFFFF)) ws.write() utime.sleep_ms(80) while True: flowing_light() print(ws[0])